Legal Fundaments: Austria
 

Volksanwaltschaft (Austrian Ombudsman Board)

Austrian Federal Constitution (excerpt)

Chapter VII. Volksanwaltschaft

Art. 148a

  1. Everyone can lodge complaint with the Volksanwaltschaft (Austrian Ombudsman Board) against alleged maladministration by the Bund, including its activity as a holder of private rights, provided that they are affected by such maladministration and in so far as they do not or no longer have recourse to legal remedy. All such complaints must be investigated by the Volksanwaltschaft. The complainant shall be informed of the investigation's outcome and what action, if necessary, has been taken.
  2. The Volksanwaltschaft is ex officio entitled to investigate its suspicions of maladministration by the Bund including its activity as a holder of private rights.
  3. The Volksanwaltschaft also shall cooperate on request in dealing with petitions and initiatives of citizens lodged with the Nationalrat. Detailed provisions about this cooperation shall be made by the federal law about the Standing Orders of the Nationalrat.
  4. 1977 - adoption by the Austrian Parliament of the Federal Law concerning the functions and organisation of the Volksanwaltschaft for a limited period (1977-1983);1981 - incorporation of these regulations into the Austrian Federal Constitution (Chapter VII, Art. 148).

  5. The Volksanwaltschaft is independent in the exercise of its authority.

Art. 148b

  1. All Bund, Länder und Gemeinde authorities (on federal, state and municipal level) shall support the Volksanwaltschaft in the performance of its tasks, allow it inspection of its records, and upon request furnish the information required. Official secrecy is inoperative in the case of the Volksanwaltschaft.
  2. The Volksanwaltschaft must observe official secrecy to the same degree as the authority whom it has approached in the fulfilment of its tasks. The Volksanwaltschaft is however bound by the observation of official secrecy in its reports to the Nationalrat (National Assembly) only in so far as this is requisite on behalf of the interest of the parties concerned or of national security.

Art. 148c

The Volksanwaltschaft can issue to the (federal) authorities entrusted with the Bund's supreme administrative business recommendations on measures to be taken in or by reason of a particular case. The Volksanwaltschaft can also issue recommendations to the competent authority in matters of self-administration or administration by authorities bound by no instructions; the federal supreme administrative authority has to be informed about such recommendations. The authority concerned must within a deadline to be settled by federal law either conform to these recommendations and inform the Volksanwaltschaft accordingly or state in writing why the recommendations have not been complied with.

Art. 148d

The Volksanwaltschaft shall annually render the Nationalrat a report on its activity.

Art. 148e

On application by the Volksanwaltschaft the Constitutional Court pronounces on the illegality or otherwise of ordinances by a federal authority.

Art. 148f

If differences of opinion arise between the Volksanwaltschaft and the Federal Government or a Federal Minister on the interpretation of legal provisions the Constitutional Court on application by the Federal Government or the Volksanwaltschaft decides the matter in closed proceedings.

Art. 148g

  1. The Volksanwaltschaft has its office seat in Vienna and consists of three members, one of whom acts in turn as chairman. The term of office lasts six years. Reelection of the Volksanwaltschaft's members more than once is inadmissible.
  2. Volksanwaltschaft members are elected by the Nationalrat on the basis of a joint recommendation drawn up by the Main Committee in the presence of at least half its members. Each of the three parties with the largest number of votes in the Nationalrat is entitled to nominate one member for this recommendation. The members of the Volksanwaltschaft render an affirmation to the Federal President before their assumption of office.
  3. The Volksanwaltschaft chairmanship rotates annually between the members in the sequence of the voting strength possessed by the parties who have nominated them. This sequence remains unchanged during the Volksanwaltschaft's term of office.
  4. Should a Volksanwaltschaft member retire prematurely, the party presented in the Nationalrat who nominated this member shall nominate a new member. The new election shall pursuant to para. 2 above be operative for the remaining term of office.
  5. Volksanwaltschaft members must be eligible for the Nationalrat; during their service in office they may belong neither to the Federal Government nor to a Land Government nor to any popular representative body and they may not practise any other profession.

Art. 148h

  1. Volksanwaltschaft officials are appointed by the Federal President on the recommendation and with the countersignature of the Volksanwaltschaft chairman. The Federal President can however authorize him to appoint officials in certain categories. Auxiliary personnel is appointed by the chairman who is to this extent a supreme administrative authority and exercises these powers in his own right.
  2. The Bund's service prerogative with regard to Volksanwaltschaft employees is exercised by the Volksanwaltschaft chairman.
  3. The Volksanwaltschaft determines its Standing Orders and an allocation of business that regulates which tasks shall be autonomously performed by its members. The adoption of the Standing Orders and the allocation of business requires the unanimous vote of the Volksanwaltschaft's members.

Art. 148i

  1. The Länder (states) can by Land (state) constitutional law declare the Volksanwaltschaft competent also in the sphere of the particular Land's administration. In such case Arts. 148e and 148f shall apply analogously.
  2. If Länder create agencies in the sphere of Land administration with tasks similar to the Volksanwaltschaft, Land constitutional law can prescribe a provision corresponding to Arts. 148e and 148f above.

Art. 148j

Detailed provisions relating to the implementation of this chapter shall be made by federal law.